Avoid 8-bit timer overflows in debounce algorithms (#12240)

* Add fast_timer_t that is 16-bit or 32-bit based on architecture

A 16-bit timer will overflow sooner but be faster to compare on AVR.

* Avoid 8-bit timer overflows in debounce algorithms

Count down remaining elapsed time instead of trying to do 8-bit timer
comparisons.

Add a "none" implementation that is automatically used if DEBOUNCE is
0 otherwise it will break the _pk/_pr count down.

* Avoid unnecessary polling of the entire matrix in sym_eager_pk

The matrix only needs to be updated when a debounce timer expires.

* Avoid unnecessary polling of the entire matrix in sym_eager_pr

The matrix only needs to be updated when a debounce timer expires.

The use of the "needed_update" variable is trying to do what
"matrix_need_update" was added to fix but didn't work because it only
applied when all keys finished debouncing.

* Fix sym_defer_g timing inconsistency compared to other debounce algorithms

DEBOUNCE=5 should process the key after 5ms, not 6ms

* Add debounce tests

build_test.mk

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ endif
 
 include common_features.mk
 include $(TMK_PATH)/common.mk
+include $(QUANTUM_PATH)/debounce/tests/rules.mk
 include $(QUANTUM_PATH)/sequencer/tests/rules.mk
 include $(QUANTUM_PATH)/serial_link/tests/rules.mk
 ifneq ($(filter $(FULL_TESTS),$(TEST)),)